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Termites can be significant agricultural pests, particularly in East Africa and North Asia, in which crop losses can be acute (3100% in harvest loss in Africa).216 Counterbalancing that is the greatly improved water infiltration where termite tunnels in the dirt allow rainwater to soak in deeply, which will help reduce runoff and consequent soil erosion during bioturbation.217 In South America, cultivated plants such as eucalyptus, upland rice and sugarcane can be severely damaged by termite infestations, together with attacks on leaves, roots and woody tissue.
The termite gut has inspired various research efforts targeted at replacing fossil fuels with cleanerrenewable energy sources.219 Termites are efficient bioreactors, capable of producing 2 litres of hydrogen by a single sheet of newspaper.220 Approximately 200 species of germs live inside the termite hindgut, releasing the hydrogen which has been trapped inside timber and plants they digest.219221 Through the action of unidentified enzymes in the termite gut, lignocellulose polymers are broken down into sugars and are transformed into hydrogen.
The development of autonomous robots capable of constructing intricate structures with no human assistance has been inspired by the intricate mounds that termites construct.222 These robots operate independently and can proceed independently on a tracked grid, capable of climbing and lifting up bricks. Such robots may be useful for future projects on Mars, or for building levees to prevent flooding.223.
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Termites use sophisticated means to control the temperatures of their mounds. As discussed above, the form and orientation of the mounds of this Australian compass termite stabilises their internal temperatures during the day. Since the towers heating up, the solar chimney impact (stack effect) creates an updraft of air within the mound.224 Wind blowing across the tops of the towers enhances the circulation of air through the mounds, which also include side vents in their construction.
Especially in Africa, the pile effect has become a popular means to achieve natural ventilation and passive cooling in modern buildings.224.
The Eastgate Centre is a shopping centre and office block in central Harare, Zimbabwe, whose architect, Mick Pearce, used passive cooling inspired by that used by the regional termites.226 It was the first significant building exploiting termite-inspired cooling techniques to attract international attention. Other such buildings include the Learning Resource Center in the Catholic University of Eastern Africa and the Council House 2 building in Melbourne, Australia.224.
Few zoos hold termites, on account of the problem in keeping them captive and into the reluctance of authorities to permit potential pests. One of the few who do, the Zoo Basel in Switzerland, has two thriving Macrotermes bellicosus populations resulting in an event quite rare in captivity: the mass migrations of young flying termites.
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African tribes in many countries have termites as totems, and for this reason tribe members are forbidden to consume the reproductive alates.228 Termites are widely used in traditional popular medicine; they are used as treatments for diseases and other conditions like asthma, bronchitis, hoarseness, influenza, sinusitis, tonsillitis and whooping cough.208 In Nigeria, Macrotermes nigeriensis can be utilized for spiritual protection and to treat wounds and ill pregnant women.
It is unknown if the termite was male or female. If it was a female, the entire body length would be much more than 25 millimetres when mature.
a b Cranshaw, W. (2013). "11". Bugs Rule! : An Introduction to the World of Insects. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University this content Press. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-691-12495-7.
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Lobeck, A. Kohl (1939). Geomorphology; an Introduction to the Study of Landscapes (1st ed.) . University of California: McGraw Hill Book Company, Incorporated. pp. 431432. ASIN B002P5O9SC.
Cleveland, L.R.; Hall, S.K.; Sanders, E.P.; Collier, J. (1934). "The Wood-Feeding Roach Cryptocercus, its own protozoa, and the symbiosis between protozoa and roach". Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 17 (2): 185382. doi:10.1093/aesa/28.2.216.
